Load Restraint Methods
Intermodal Loading Guide
- Securely nail to trailer floor all blocking to prevent lengthwise movement. Reinforce with backup cleats not less than 2" x 4" at least 18" in length.
Lamination is recommended to achieve additional holding power.
- Dimensions of lateral bracing must be of sufficient length to properly hold the load in place.
- This loading method is for use with roll paper or pulpboard loaded on end in a 1-1 offset pattern.
- Construction is laminated pieces of 2" x 6" x 36" lumber using 16d nails.
- The load is divided into two sections, each containing approximately half of the load.
- One block is adjacent to the roll with the cross brace perpendicular to the side wall. The second is installed adjacent to the roll at a 30-45 degree angle to the first.
- Tilting of rolls can occur during normal transit. When width of roll exceeds 1-1/2 times the diameter, unitizing straps must be used to prevent rolls from turning over.
Hanger straps must be used with unitizing bands to maintain positioning.
- Pallets can not be used for construction of rear gates.
- Rear gates should be braced into corner posts of containers whenever possible.
Knee braces used with rear gates are applied at an angle no greater than 45 degrees from the floor.
- Bull boards may be inserted into slotted doorpost at rear of containers to restrain lading. Use minimum 2" x 4" hardwood lumber with suitable length to fit snugly into corner posts.
"T" brace method of reinforcing bull boards. Shown backwards for clarity.
Insert 2 x 4 in groove to separate bull boards as needed.
Miter corners to simplify dropping bull boards in place.
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Load Restraining Capacity Restraint Device Capacity 2" x 4" Bull Board 5,600 lbs. 2" x 6" Bull Board 8,000 lbs. 2" x 4" "T" Brace 7,000 lbs.
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- Use approved fibreboard dunnage or a plywood buffer sheet between product and bull boards to evenly distribute lading forces.
- Width of bag should fit height of load. Length of bag should cover two units of lading.
- Approved filler material must be used if crosswise void exceeds 12" after inflating bag.
- Use buffer material between bag and lading to distribute outward pressure evenly against lading.
- Position D.I.D. bag 1" off the trailer floor and pallet to prevent chaffing.
Inflate bags to 2.0 - 2.5 psi. Check pressure with an air gauge.
- Use general service equipment with hardwood floors.
- Mats should be in good condition (do not reuse mats that may be torn, worn, or soiled).
- Number and size mats to be used are determined by the requirements of the AAR approved method being utilized.
- Ty-Gard is a 15 inch wide laminated fabric material that can be used as a bulkhead barrier.
- As a general guide, each Ty-Gard barrier can restrain up to 7,500 lbs. of lading.
- Ty-Gard strips bonded to walls are a minimum of 60" long and are located 36" back from the face of the load.
- When used in containers with corrugated side walls, follow contour of the corrugations.
Trailer/container doors may not be used to secure loads containing hazardous materials.
- Secure lading to prevent lengthwise movement. Doors may not be used for securement if lading is rigid, very dense, or shaped such that the area of door contact is minimal (ie. drums or roll paper).
- Under certain conditions as outlined below, doors can be relied on to secure non-hazardous materials lading: Doors of vehicles meeting AAR M931 and M930 specifications can be used to restrain lading under the following conditions:
- The load consists of multi-unit lading such as boxes of food-stuff, tissue or soft paper products, furniture, appliances, etc., not exceeding 40,000 lbs covering a minimum of 60% of the door area and evenly distributed throughout the vehicle.
- Lading must be loaded tight lengthwise and crosswise, flush to the rear doors of the vehicle, allowing no room for movement. If any void exists, fill space with approved dunnage.
- The doors must fit squarely, the hinges must be tight, and locking bars must be in good condition while functioning properly.
- The load consists of multi-unit lading such as boxes of food-stuff, tissue or soft paper products, furniture, appliances, etc., not exceeding 40,000 lbs covering a minimum of 60% of the door area and evenly distributed throughout the vehicle.